Biology of freshwater crayfish / edited by David M. Holdich.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

List of Contributors -- Preface / D.M. Holdich -- PART 1: GENERAL BIOLOGY -- 1. Background and Functional Morphology / D.M. Holdich -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Functional morphology -- 1.3 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2. Phylogeny and Evolution / G. Scholtz -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The position of the Astacida within the Decapoda -- 2.3 The monophyly of the Astacida -- 2.4 Phylogenetic systematics of the Astacida -- 2.5 Invasion into freshwater -- 2.6 Evolutionary zoogeography -- 2.7 Summary and conclusions -- References -- 3. Functional Anatomy / G. Vogt -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Musculature -- 3.3 Respiratory system -- 3.4 Circulatory system -- 3.5 Excretory system -- 3.6 Digestive system -- 3.7 Reproductive system -- 3.8 Endocrine system -- 3.9 Nervous system -- 3.10 Sense organs -- 3.11 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4. Growth and Reproduction / J.D. Reynolds -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Patterns of crayfish life cycles, growth and reproduction -- 4.3 Environmental effects on growth -- 4.4 Reproduction -- 4.5 Crayfish growth and reproduction: implications for astaciculture -- 4.6 Conclusions -- References -- 5. Ecology / P. Nystrom -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Abiotic factors -- 5.3 Biotic factors -- 5.4 Effects of crayfish on the structure of food webs -- 5.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 6. Taxonomy and Conservation of Native Crayfish Stocks / C.A. Taylor -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Distribution and taxonomy -- 6.3 Importance of crayfish biodiversity -- 6.4 Threats to crayfish biodiversity -- 6.5 Status of continental faunas -- 6.6 Actions needed to preserve crayfish biodiversity -- 6.7 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7. Behaviour / F. Gherardi -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Activity patterns -- 7.3 Food finding -- 7.4 Habitat selection -- 7.5 Movement -- 7.6 The use of shelters and burrows -- 7.7 Reproductive behaviour -- 7.8 Juvenile behaviour -- 7.9 Agonism -- 7.10 Conclusions -- References -- 8. Genetic Variation / J.W. Fetzner, Jr. and K.A. Crandall -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Uses of genetics -- 8.3 Genetic methodology -- 8.4 Genetic findings -- 8.5 Future studies of crayfish genetic diversity -- 8.6 Conclusions -- References -- 9. Physiological Adaptation to Environment / B.R. McMahon -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Reception and transduction of environmental signals -- 9.3 Physiological compensation -- 9.4 Physiology of gas exchange -- 9.5 Vascular transport -- 9.6 Ionic and osmotic regulation -- 9.7 Mechanisms of physiological compensation -- 9.8 Mechanisms of compensation to environmental variation -- 9.9 Considerations of size -- 9.10 Conclusions -- References -- 10. Pathogens, Parasites and Commensals / L.H. Evans and B.F. Edgerton -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Viral infections -- 10.3 Bacteria -- 10.4 Fungal pathogens and commensals -- 10.5 Protists -- 10.6 Metazoan parasites and commensals -- 10.7 Abiotic disease conditions -- 10.8 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 11. Immune Reactions / I. Soderhall and K. Soderhall -- 11.1 Invertebrate versus vertebrate immunity -- 11.2 Overview of present status of invertebrate immune reactions -- 11.3 Pattern recognition proteins in arthropods -- 11.4 The clotting reaction -- 11.5 Humoral defence reactions: in particular the proPO activating system and its role in immunity -- 11.6 Cellular immunity -- 11.7 Comparison of genes/gene products from invertebrates
with those found in vertebrates -- 11.8 Conclusions -- References -- PART 2: CRAYFISH OF COMMERCIAL IMPORTANCE -- 12. Astacus / J. Skurdal and T. Taugbol -- 12.1 Systematics and general description of the species -- 12.2 Distribution -- 12.3 General life history, growth and reproduction -- 12.4 Feeding, habitat use, competition and habitat requirements -- 12.5 Predators -- 12.6 Diseases and parasites -- 12.7 Population dynamics and regulation -- 12.8 Harvest -- 12.9 Aquaculture -- 12.10 Management and conservation -- 12.11 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13. Pacifastacus / S.D. Lewis -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Taxonomy and distribution -- 13.3 Biology -- 13.4 Ecology -- 13.5 Pacifastacus leniusculus introductions -- 13.6 Aquaculture -- 13.7 Harvest of wild populations -- 13.8 Conclusions -- References -- 14. Procambarus / J.V. Huner -- 14.1 The genus Procambarus -- 14.2 The important commercial species -- 14.3 Exploitation of Procambarus clarkii and Procambarus zonangulus -- 14.4 Products and markets -- 14.5 Factors affecting production, movement and introductions -- 14.6 Effects of man on wild and/or cultured crayfish -- 14.7 Stock improvement -- 14.8 Problems peculiar to Procambarus spp. -- 14.9 Conclusions -- References -- 15. Orconectes / P. Hamr -- 15.1 Distribution, taxonomy and status -- 15.2 General life history and ecology -- 15.3 Species of commercial potential -- 15.4 Conclusions -- References -- 16. Cambarus / R. C. Guiasu -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Distribution and species richness -- 16.3 Conservation issues -- 16.4 Species of potential commercial importance -- 16.5 Commercial importance of Cambarus species -- 16.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 17. Cherax / C. Lawrence and C. Jones -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Marron -- 17.3 Yabbies -- 17.4 Redclaw -- 17.5 Conclusions -- References -- PART 3: CONCLUSIONS -- 18. Conclusions / D.M. Holdich -- 18 Conclusions -- 18.1 Generalisations -- 18.2 Specifics -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index.

This book deals with crayfish general biology, giving particular attention to crayfish status and conservation, genetic variation and physiological adaptation to the environment.

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