Biology of oysters / Brian Bayne.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1. PHYLOGENY -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Origins and Classification -- 1.3. Phylogenetic Systematics -- 1.3.1. Some Oyster Phylogenies: Fossils -- 1.3.2. Some Oyster Phylogenies: Recent Taxa -- 1.3.3. Some Oyster Phylogenies: Species Identities -- 1.4. Phylogeography -- 1.4.1. Population Structure -- 1.4.2. Isolation by Distance -- 1.4.3. Sweepstakes Reproduction, Selection, and Hybridization -- 1.4.4. Physiological Differences Among Populations -- Bibliography -- 2. EVOLUTION -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Patterns in the Rates and Trajectories of Bivalve Evolution -- 2.2.1. Diversifications in Time -- 2.2.2. Diversifications in Space -- 2.3. Some Drivers of Evolution in Oysters -- 2.3.1. Heterochrony and Larval Life -- 2.3.2. Size and Shape -- 2.3.3. The Ecology of Some Fossil Oysters -- 2.3.4. Predation as a Driver of Evolutionary Change -- 2.3.5. Adaptation -- Bibliography -- 3. ECOLOGY I: DISTRIBUTION AT REGIONAL AND GLOBAL SCALES -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. The Biogeography of Oysters -- 3.3. Invasions by Oysters and Other Bivalves -- 3.3.1. The Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas as an Invasive Species -- 3.3.2. Predicting Invasion Outcomes: The Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in South Africa and the Oyster Crassostrea ariakensis in the United States -- 3.4. Range Boundaries and Dispersal -- 3.4.1. Larval Dispersion -- 3.5. Temperature and Species Range -- 3.5.1. Correlations Between Species' Distributions and Tolerance -- 3.5.2. Temperatures and Intertidal Bivalves -- 3.5.3. Thermal Stress and Heat-Shock Proteins in Oysters -- 3.6. Decline and Extirpation of Populations -- 3.7. Modeling Species' Distributions -- Bibliography -- 4. ECOLOGY II: DISTRIBUTION AT LOCAL SCALES -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Oysters and Estuaries -- 4.2.1. Salinity Tolerance -- 4.3. The Food of Oysters -- 4.3.1. Retention Efficiency -- 4.3.2. The Seston: Quantity and Quality of Suspended Particles -- 4.3.3. Hydrodynamics and the Food Supply -- Bibliography -- 5. FEEDING -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Particle Uptake -- 5.2.1. Particle Transport and Sorting Within the Pallial Cavity -- 5.2.2. Morphological Variability of the Pallial Organs -- 5.2.3. Selection and Selection Efficiency -- 5.3. Ventilation, Particle Capture, and Clearance -- 5.3.1. Particle Filtration and Ambient Water Flow -- 5.3.2. Measuring Feeding Behavior in the Field -- 5.3.3. Particle Capture and Clearance -- 5.4. The Functional Morphology of Digestion and Absorption -- 5.4.1. The Stomach and Digestive Gland -- 5.4.2. Intestinal and Glandular Feces -- 5.4.3. Absorption and Absorption Efficiency -- 5.4.4. Metabolic Fecal Loss -- 5.5. Modeling Feeding Behavior -- 5.5.1. Optimal Feeding Models -- 5.5.2. Guts as Chemical Reactors -- 5.5.3. Stoichiometry Models -- 5.5.4. A Mechanistic Model of Absorption and Gut Transit Time -- 5.5.5. The Geometric Framework -- 5.5.6. The Inducible Response to Predators as a Cost of Feeding -- Bibliography -- 6. METABOLIC EXPENDITURE -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Respiration and the Regulation of Oxygen Uptake -- 6.3. Levels of Metabolic Rate -- 6.3.1. Components of Standard (and Substandard) Metabolic Rate -- 6.3.2. Maintenance Metabolic Rate -- 6.3.3. Routine Metabolic Rate: The Effects of Body Size and Feeding -- 6.4. Nitrogen Excretion -- Bibliography -- 7. GROWTH -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Measuring Shell Growth -- 7.2.1. Shell-Marking Techniques -- 7.3. The Description of Growth -- 7.3.1. The von Bertalanffy Growth Model -- 7.3.2. Growth Models, Aspects of Life History, and Some Bioenergetics -- 7.4. Bioenergetics Models -- 7.4.1. Food Consumption -- 7.4.2. Respiration -- 7.4.3. Excretion -- 7.4.4. Gametogenesis and Spawning -- 7.4.5. Energy Allocations -- 7.4.6. The Testing of Bioenergetics Models -- 7.5. Stoichiometry and Growth -- 7.6. Dynamic Energy Budget Models -- 7.6.1. The Standard DEB Model, With An Emphasis On Bivalves -- 7.6.2. Environmental Forcing By Temperature and Food -- 7.6.3. Parameter Estimation and the General Model for Oyster Growth -- 7.6.4. The Validation and Application of DEB Models of Bivalves -- 7.7. Comparing DEB and Scope for Growth (SFG) Models -- Bibliography -- 8. TEMPERATURE EFFECTS AND OTHER MANIFESTATIONS OF STRESS -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Temperature Effects -- 8.2.1. Oxygen- and Capacity-Limitation of Thermal Tolerance -- 8.2.2. The Heat-Shock Response -- 8.2.3. Methodology -- 8.2.4. Two Examples: An Antarctic Bivalve and the European Flat Oyster -- 8.2.5. Mitochondria and Thermal Tolerance -- 8.2.6. Temperature and the Transcriptome -- 8.2.7. Ecological Limits -- 8.3. The Effects of Multiple Environmental and Genetic Factors on Growth -- Bibliography -- 9. REPRODUCTION -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Gamete Production -- 9.2.1. Hermaphroditism, Sex-Change, and Sex Ratios -- 9.2.2. The Reproductive Cycle -- 9.2.3. Spawning and Fertilization -- 9.2.4. Nutrition, Storage Cycles, and Gametogenesis -- 9.2.5. Fecundity and Reproduction Costs, Effort, and Value -- 9.3. The Oyster Larva -- 9.3.1. Larval Development and Nutrition -- 9.3.2. Swimming, Settlement, and Metamorphosis -- Bibliography -- 10. OYSTERS AND THE ECOSYSTEM -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Oysters as Keystone Species and Ecological Engineers -- 10.3. The Decline of Oysters -- 10.3.1. Baselines, Shifting and Otherwise -- 10.3.2. Population Changes -- 10.3.3. Global Declines in Oyster Numbers -- 10.3.4. Local Declines -- 10.4. Oysters and Ecosystem Trophic Networks -- 10.5. The “Structured Habitats” of Oysters -- 10.6. Ecosystem Functions and Services -- 10.6.1. Biofiltration -- 10.6.2. Biodeposition and Nutrient Cycles -- 10.6.3. Biodiversity -- 10.6.4. Valuing Ecological Services -- 10.7. Carrying Capacity -- 10.7.1. Statistical Models -- 10.7.2. Biomass/Production Relationships and Self-Thinning -- 10.7.3. Biofiltration and the Food Supply -- 10.7.4. Box Models -- 10.7.5. Fully Spatial Models -- 10.7.6. Other Models -- Bibliography -- Index.

GRETA POINT: 594.121 BAY