TY  - BOOK
AU  - Burns,Noel M.
AU  - Bryers,Graham
AU  - Bowman,Eddie
ED  - Lakes Consultancy.
ED  - New Zealand. 
ED  - National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (N.Z.)
TI  - Protocol for monitoring trophic levels of New Zealand lakes and reservoirs / 
T2  - Lakes Consulting client report ; 
SN  - 047809096X
U1  - 577.627 
PY  - 2000///
CY  - Wellington, N.Z. : 
PB  - Ministry for the Environment, 
KW  - LAKES
KW  - RESERVOIRS
KW  - TROPHIC LEVELS
KW  - EUTROPHICATION
KW  - WATER QUALITY
KW  - SAMPLING
KW  - EQUIPMENT
KW  - DATA PROCESSING
KW  - WATER QUALITY BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
KW  - BIOLOGICAL MONITORING
KW  - ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
KW  - LAKE ECOLOGY
KW  - TRENDS
KW  - FRESH WATER
KW  - LAKE OMAPERE
KW  - LAKE OKATAINA
KW  - LAKE OKAREKA
KW  - LAKE HAYES
KW  - HAMILTON LAKE
KW  - LAKE ROTORANGI
KW  - NEW ZEALAND
N1  - "March 2000."; At head of title: Lakes Consulting; This project was funded by the Sustainable Management Fund and published by the Ministry for the Environment; Includes bibliographical references and index; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- ABBREVIATIONS -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- CHAPTER 1. CONCEPTS USED IN FORMULATING THE LAKES MONITORING PROTOCOL -- 1.1 Introduction to lakes monitoring -- 1.2 Objectives of monitoring -- 1.3 Key variables defining trophic level -- 1.4 Data analysis concepts -- 1.5 Types of monitoring -- 1.6 Trend detection using percent annual change values -- 1.7 A trophic level index for New Zealand lakes -- 1.8 Removing weather effects -- 1.9 Determination of change of trophic level -- CHAPTER 2: SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT -- 2.1 Selection of a boat -- 2.2 Basic safety -- 2.3 Positioning on the sampling station -- 2.4 Sampling equipment required -- 2.5 Calibration and cleanliness of sampling equipment -- 2.6 Field sheets and sampling procedures --2.7 Sample handling on return to base -- 2.8 Maintenance of equipment between samplings -- 2.9 Knowledge necessary for good performance -- CHAPTER 3. LABORATORY ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES -- 3.1 Sample processing for immediate or delayed analysis -- 3.2 Quality checks on data -- 3.3 Sample storage before and after analysis -- 3.5 Phytoplankton procedures -- 3.6 Methods for chemical determinands -- 3.7 NIWA Hamilton soluble nutrients autoanalyzer method -- CHAPTER 4. MANAGEMENT AND SURVEILLANCE OF DATA -- 4.1 Data surveillance -- 4.2 Selection of layer depths -- 4.3 Data storage and processing -- 4.4 Building the basic data files for a lake -- 4.5 Data and results storage -- CHAPTER 5. DATA PROCESSING -- 5.1 Intermediate data processing -- 5.2 Plots of important data -- 5.3 PAC and TLI results -- 5.4 Selection of appropriate time trend periods -- 5.5 Plots of non-essential data -- CHAPTER 6. CASE STUDIES OF TROPHIC LEVEL AND ECOLOGICAL CHANGE -- 6.1 Case studies of trophic level change -- 6.2 Case study of an ecological report on a lake -- 6.3 Assessment of reservoir data -- 6.4 State of the environment reporting -- CHAPTER 7. OPTIMISED SAMPLING STRATEGIES -- 7.1 Optimised lake sampling -- 7.2 Critical factors in developing a monitoring strategy -- 7.3 A hypothetical lake monitoring strategy -- REFERENCES -- APPENDICES: CHECK AND ACTION LISTS -- Appendix 1: Sampling equipment and procedures -- Appendix 2: Action list for laboratory processing of samples -- Appendix 3: Data management and processing using LakeWatch -- INDEX
N2  - The New Zealand Lakes Monitoring Programme was set up to provide a useful database on the trophic condition of some of New Zealand’s more important lakes and to use this database to develop a sensitive, cost-effective Lakes Monitoring Protocol for detecting small changes in the trophic state of lakes. Such data are essential to initiating timely remedial action in the event of deterioration of water quality. The trophic state of a lake is most simply defined as the life-supporting capacity per unit volume of a lake. Six commonly measured variables are widely accepted as good indicators of the trophic level of a lake: chlorophyll a (Chla), Secchi depth (SD), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), hypolimnetic volumetric oxygen depletion rate (HVOD) and phytoplankton species and biomass. These variables yield considerable relevant information on trophic level relative to the effort required for their measurement. The system of lake monitoring and data analysis presented in this manual demonstrates how decisions on the probability of trophic level change can be made on the basis of numerical results, and assigns a numerical value for the trophic level of a lake and shows how a change in this value can be quantified. A decision on the probable change in a lake is made using percent annual change (PAC) values, while the trophic condition of a lake and the magnitude of change in this condition is assessed using trophic level index (TLI) values. The protocol explains both the theory and practice necessary to establish a TLI value for a lake. Data sampling and data analysis methods are tailored to fit New Zealand conditions. Case studies are presented illustrating trophic change in New Zealand lakes and a more general reporting of ecological condition. The manual provides advice on good practice in sampling technique on the lake, sample handling, laboratory analysis, compiling the data into a basic data file and calculating the monitoring results. Considerable emphasis is placed on identification of the different thermal layers in a lake and on averaging values only from samples within the same layer. After baseline monitoring has been carried out on a lake, it is possible to optimise the sampling strategies to reduce unnecessary data collection. A costing study illustrates the choices that may be made to obtain the best possible monitoring data for a given budget
UR  - http://docs.niwa.co.nz/library/public/047809096X.pdf
UR  - https://environment.govt.nz/publications/protocol-for-monitoring-trophic-levels-of-new-zealand-lakes-and-reservoirs/
ER  -